What are the two main factors used to calculate CT values in disinfection processes?

The calculation of CT values, which represent the product of the concentration of disinfectant (C) and the contact time (T), is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of disinfection processes. CT values help ensure that sufficient disinfection has taken place to inactivate pathogens in water treatment systems.

Concentration refers to the level of the disinfectant present in the water, while time indicates the duration that the water remains in contact with the disinfectant. Together, these two factors directly influence the disinfection process: a higher concentration often allows for a shorter contact time to achieve the same level of pathogen inactivation, and conversely, a longer contact time may compensate for a lower concentration.

Knowledge of these factors is crucial for water treatment professionals to ensure that water meets safety standards and effectively protects public health.